License to print money... BitCoin?

June 30th, 2017 at 7:23:59 PM permalink
Evenbob
Member since: Oct 24, 2012
Threads: 146
Posts: 25011
I heard on PBS today that China was manipulating
the crap out of our currency by buying huge chunks
of it with their money. We could do nothing official
about it without an act of congress. So somebody
had the idea that when they do that, we go and buy
an equal amount of their money. It worked, China
stopped doing it a few years ago.
If you take a risk, you may lose. If you never take a risk, you will always lose.
June 30th, 2017 at 7:51:18 PM permalink
Pacomartin
Member since: Oct 24, 2012
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Posts: 12569
Quote: Evenbob
I heard on PBS today that China was manipulating the crap out of our currency by buying huge chunks of it with their money.


Was this an old show?

Quote: PBS/ BY PAUL WISEMAN, ASSOCIATED PRESS December 29, 2016

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/fact-check-china-manipulate-currency/

So the U.S. Treasury Department monitors China for signs it is manipulating the yuan lower. Treasury has guidelines for putting countries on its currency blacklist. They must, for example, have spent the equivalent of 2 percent of their economic output over a year buying foreign currencies in an attempt to drive those currencies up and their own currencies down.

Treasury hasn’t declared China a currency manipulator since 1994.
...

For years, China pretty clearly manipulated its currency to gain an advantage over global competitors. It bought foreign currencies, the U.S. dollar in particular, to push them higher against the yuan. As it did, it accumulated vast foreign currency reserves — nearly $4 trillion worth by mid-2014.

But now the Chinese economy is slowing, and Chinese companies and individuals have begun to invest more heavily outside the country. As their money leaves China, it puts downward pressure on the yuan.
June 30th, 2017 at 8:41:23 PM permalink
petroglyph
Member since: Aug 3, 2014
Threads: 25
Posts: 6227
Is this not the "beggar thy neighbor policy"?
The last official act of any government is to loot the treasury. GW
June 30th, 2017 at 9:01:27 PM permalink
Evenbob
Member since: Oct 24, 2012
Threads: 146
Posts: 25011
Quote: Pacomartin
Was this an old show?


It said they stopped doing it a couple
years ago, the article you site says 2014,
which is a couple years ago. NPR says
that it stopped because we would buy
just as many yuan's as they bought
dollars, so it cancelled out what they
were doing.
If you take a risk, you may lose. If you never take a risk, you will always lose.
June 30th, 2017 at 10:20:37 PM permalink
Pacomartin
Member since: Oct 24, 2012
Threads: 1068
Posts: 12569
China's plans about currency are closely held

The Bank for International Settlement (BIS) reported their cash per capita from 2006 to 2009 was as follow (contrasted with Mexico)
$283.3 $341.1 $408.5 $455.6 China
$396.1 $432.2 $401.5 $451.7 Mexico
After 2009 they simply stopped reporting.

But their biggest banknote is 100RMB ~ $14.75 . So that pretty much means the wealthy urban Chinese are using stuffed wallets of cash or credit cards. The USA is circulating 122 banknotes per capita, while Canada is circulating 63 (since they have a $1 and $2 coin). China was circulating 146 banknotes per capita in 2009.

Such small denomination banknotes usually means the government is terrified of counterfeiting.

Such an awkward situation may very well mean that the Chinese are considering going to an electronic currency. It is very expensive to keep printing so many small bills as well as difficult to handle.

Since Sweden is now circulating roughly the tiny amount of 21 banknotes, and 40 coins per capita, the reasonable assumption is that they will be the first country to go cashless. As cashless receipts can easily be printed with equivalent value in Euros or USD , it would be a simple matter to unilaterally adopt another currency if economic conditions warrant.

Sweden has stated that they believe cash is an inalienable human right, and they have no intention of stopping it's production. But commercial banks are private businesses, and if they decide that ATM limits should be $100 (1000 SEK) a day so they don't have to refill the ATMS as often, or worry about security as much, I don't think the government can stop them.

If a country as large as China switches to crypto currency, then many countries will reconsider (including India).
July 1st, 2017 at 1:04:24 AM permalink
Fleastiff
Member since: Oct 27, 2012
Threads: 62
Posts: 7831
Quote: Pacomartin
Sweden has stated that they believe cash is an inalienable human right, and they have no intention of stopping it's production. But commercial banks are private businesses, and if they decide that ATM limits should be $100 (1000 SEK) a day so they don't have to refill the ATMS as often, or worry about security as much, I don't think the government can stop them.
Could ONE commercial bank stop this by seeking to be the bank with the "halo" that keeps ATMs well stocked and has very high daily limits?
July 1st, 2017 at 7:15:16 AM permalink
Pacomartin
Member since: Oct 24, 2012
Threads: 1068
Posts: 12569
Quote: Fleastiff
Could ONE commercial bank stop this by seeking to be the bank with the "halo" that keeps ATMs well stocked and has very high daily limits?


Certainly there is a bank looking for an advantage. One Swedish bank still did cash transactions via bank telllers, even after all the others ended the practice. But the ATMs in Sweden are all owned by a single company that is financed by the banks.

The real problem in Sweden is not so much getting cash as depositing it. Most of the ATM's do not take cash deposits, so in rural area people business owners have to drive 30 miles to find a machine that will take a deposit. There is a snowball effect as owners simply decide that taking cash is not worth the trouble.

You sometimes see high end restaurants in the USA who won't take cash. As far as they are concerned, it is worth to annoy some potential customers so they don't have to worry about security. But in Sweden you see yogurt shops that won't take cash.

Basically Sweden increased it's cash in circulation by 3.23% per year on average for ten years from 1997 to 2007. Then it began vanishing very slowly at first. Only 2% the first year, and another 1.5% the second year. Then it began accelerating and now over half of it is gone in a decade.
July 1st, 2017 at 10:35:09 AM permalink
Fleastiff
Member since: Oct 27, 2012
Threads: 62
Posts: 7831
Quote: Pacomartin
But the ATMs in Sweden are all owned by a single company that is financed by the banks.
So any dissident bank aspiring to a halo would have to finance a separate network initially in urban areas. ATMs are technilogically able to accept anything but of course are not free.
July 1st, 2017 at 11:10:59 AM permalink
Pacomartin
Member since: Oct 24, 2012
Threads: 1068
Posts: 12569
The reduction of cash in Sweden in the last decade was driven by four major factors. It's an interesting case study as it may be repeated in other countries.

1) 15 March 2006, the Riksbank introduced a new, more secure 1,000-kronor banknote with a "Motion" strip so when the banknote is tilted, the picture in the striped band appears to move. The banknotes without the strip became invalid after 31 December 2013. But only a small fraction of the old banknotes was replaced with the strip. Cash circulation peaked in 2007.
2) For christmas 2012 the banks introduced a phone app called SWISH that was like Google Wallet, but most of the citizens in the country would download
3) In 2013 all 2220 ATMS were consolidated into one company owned by four banks. Banks stopped doing cash transactions via teller window. Depositing cash became much more difficult than withdrawing cash.
4) Starting in October 2015 the country began replacing all their banknotes and half their coins with new versions. Although the largest denomination was retained, the circulation numbers of the banknote are down by 93% from the peak.

Next year the central bank is going to begin serious debate about issuing a digital currency. The stated goal is not to replace, but complement banknotes. But as circulation is down to about 21 banknotes and 40 coins per capita worth roughly US$500, it is difficult to believe that a digital currency will not effectively wipe out physical cash entirely.

To give you an idea of how few 21 banknotes are, consider that the four little used denominations of US currency, the $2, $5, $10, and $50 together are circulating at over 23 banknotes per capita. The three heavily used denominations, the $1, $20, and $100 together are circulating at roughly a hundred banknotes per capita.

Quote: The Local
6 August 2013 Sweden's ATMs to be run by one company

All of Sweden's Automatic Teller Machines will soon be available to all banking customers and will be run by one company, which is promising a more user-friendly and consistent model together with all the services customers already have. Bankomat, a Swedish company, will be taking over all the 2,220 ATMs in Sweden this year. The company has promised transactions to run more smoothly than they currently do, with many customers seeking out machines from their own banks to make withdrawals.

"The customers get access to all the services that the card-providers offer in all our ATMs nationwide, regardless of which bank you're a member of," Stefan Bergelind, the CEO of Bankomat, told the Dagens Nyheter newspaper.

"We've also made the machines more accessible for people with disabilities. The machines will have a speaking function, among other things."

The new ATMs will recognize which bank the customer belongs to and accordingly print a detailed statement, something which has so far been impossible when using other banks' machines around Sweden. Customers will also be able to make account transfers, change PIN, and make cash deposits.

Bankomat AB is owned by Danske Bank, Handelsbanken, Nordea, SEB, Swedbank and Sparbankerna.

Quote: The Local
19 December 2012 New app lets Swedes transfer cash via mobile

Sweden’s major banks have joined forces to launch an app allowing users to transfer money in real time using mobile technology, simplifying restaurant bill-paying and moving Sweden one step closer to being a cashless society.
“Imagine you want to sell a bike,” Danske Bank spokesman Erik Kristow told The Local.

“But you don’t want to hand it over until you see the money. Well, I could simply ‘Swish’ you the amount with my phone, you could see it enter your account in real time. Then I could cycle off with my new bike.”

Swish, a mobile payment service launched last week, is even a world first according to Head of Channels at Danske Bank, Daniel Wahlstrom.

"This is unique because of the collaboration of the banks, and the fact that the money is instantly transferred from one bank account to the other,” he said.

"Many of the other systems around the world rely on a credit card platform, whereas Swish works via your own salary account, and you can see the transaction as soon as it's happened."

The app was developed in collaboration between the six largest banks in Sweden: Danske Bank, Handelsbanken, Länsförsäkringar Bank, Nordea, SEB and Swedbank, their biggest cooperation in 50 years.

According to Nordea spokesman Ragnar Roos, Swish thrives in person-to-person transactions where an exact cash figure is needed.

“People have smaller amounts of money to transfer and often don’t want to use cash. Swish is more useful than cash, especially in situations where you find yourself splitting the bill at dinner, for example," he told The Local.

“It’s not a service for shops, it’s strictly between people. It even works for transactions on sites like Blocket,” he said, referring to the popular Swedish buy-sell site.

Users simply need to connect their mobile number with their internet banking service, and then download the Swish service to their phones using Mobile Bank-ID.

And tech-hungry Swedes have already answered the call.

According to Kristow, the app has been downloaded over 40,000 times since its release earlier this month, a figure he admits has exceeded the banks' expectations.

“Consumers in Sweden are eager to adapt to new technology and mobile use is growing rapidly. All these banks have apps for mobile banking, so the usage is increasing quite rapidly," he said.

"Internet use is high too, and the market is ready for an alternative to cash and credit cards.”

Kristow added that the unique benefit of the service is the practical advantage of seeing the money transferred in real time.

So does Swish take Sweden one step closer to a cashless society?

“Perhaps,” Kristow laughs.
July 1st, 2017 at 2:11:00 PM permalink
petroglyph
Member since: Aug 3, 2014
Threads: 25
Posts: 6227
Quote: Pacomartin
Such an awkward situation may very well mean that the Chinese are considering going to an electronic currency.
What about the poor in the rural areas? Is there an internet signal and will the government provide some type of electronic device for those in India or China? I don't think so.

Cash is much easier for the rural poor who scarcely make a few hundred dollars [equivalent] per year.
The last official act of any government is to loot the treasury. GW